Definition and Examples of Visual Metaphors

A visual metaphor is the representation of a person, place, thing, or idea by means of a visual image that suggests a particular association or point of similarity. Its also known as  pictorial metaphor and analogical juxtaposition. Use of Visual Metaphor in Modern Advertising Modern advertising relies heavily on visual metaphors. For example, in a magazine ad for the banking firm Morgan Stanley, a man is pictured bungee jumping off a cliff. Two words serve to explain this visual metaphor: a dotted line from the jumpers head points to the word You; another line from the end of the bungee cord points to Us. The metaphorical message—of safety and security provided in times of risk—is conveyed through a single dramatic image. (Note that this ad ran a few years before the subprime mortgage crisis of 2007-2009.) Examples and Observations Studies of visual metaphors  used for rhetorical purposes generally concentrate on advertising. A familiar example is the technique of juxtaposing a picture of a sports car . . . with the image of a panther, suggesting that the product has comparable qualities of speed, power, and endurance. A variation on this common technique is to merge elements of the car and the wild animal, creating a composite image...In an ad for Canadian Furs, a female model wearing a fur coat is posed and made up in a way that is slightly suggestive of a wild animal. To leave little doubt as to the intended meaning of the visual metaphor (or simply to reinforce the message), the advertiser has superimposed the phrase get wild over her image. (Stuart Kaplan, Visual Metaphors in Print Advertising for Fashion Products, in Handbook of Visual Communication, ed. by K. L. Smith. Routledge, 2005) A Framework for Analysis In Pictorial Metaphor in Advertising (1996) . . ., [Charles] Forceville sets out a theoretical framework for the analysis of pictorial metaphor.. A pictorial, or visual, metaphor occurs when one visual element (tenor/target) is compared to another visual element (vehicle/source) which belongs to a different category or frame of meaning. To exemplify this, Forceville (1996, pp. 127-35) provides the example of an advert seen on a British billboard to publicize the use of the London underground. The picture features a parking meter (tenor/target) framed as the head of a dead creature whose body is shaped as the fleshless spinal column of a human being (vehicle/source). In this example, the vehicle visually transfers, or maps, the meaning of dying or dead (because of lack of food) onto the parking meter, resulting in the metaphor PARKING METER IS A DYING FEATURE (Forceville, 1996, p. 131). Considering that the advert wants to promote public transport, having lots of parking meters wastin g away in the streets of London can only be a positive thing for underground users and the underground system itself. (Nina Norgaard, Beatrix Busse, and Rocà ­o Montoro, Key Terms in Stylistics. Continuum, 2010) Visual Metaphor in an Ad for Absolut Vodka [The] subcategory of visual metaphor involving some violation of physical reality is a very common convention in advertising...An Absolut Vodka ad, labeled ABSOLUT ATTRACTION, shows a martini glass next to a bottle of Absolut; the glass is bent in the direction of the bottle, as if being drawn toward it by some invisible force... (Paul Messaris, Visual Persuasion: The Role of Images in Advertising. Sage, 1997) Image and Text: Interpreting Visual Metaphors [W]e have noticed a decrease in the amount of anchoring copy used in visual metaphor ads...We theorize that, over time, advertisers have perceived that consumers are growing more competent in understanding and interpreting visual metaphor in ads. (Barbara J. Phillips, Understanding Visual Metaphor in Advertising, in Persuasive Imagery, ed. by L. M. Scott and R. Batra. Erlbaum, 2003)A visual metaphor is a device for encouraging insights, a tool to think with. That is, with visual metaphors, the image-maker proposes food for thought without stating any determinate proposition. It is the task of the viewer to use the image for insight. (Noà «l Carroll, Visual Metaphor, in Beyond Aesthetics. Cambridge University Press, 2001) Visual Metaphor in Films One of our most important tools as filmmakers is visual metaphor, which is the ability of images to convey a meaning in addition to their straightforward reality. Think of it as reading between the lines visually. . . . A couple of examples: in Memento, the extended flashback (which moves forward in time) is shown in black-and-white and the present (which moves backward in time) is told in color. Essentially, it is two parts of the same story with one part moving forwards and the other part told backward. At the point in time where they intersect, the black-and-white slowly changes to color. Director Christopher Nolan accomplishes this in a subtle and elegant way by showing a Polaroid develop. (Blain Brown, Cinematography: Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. Focal Press, 2011)

Embryonic Stem Cell Research How does it affect you Essay

Embryonic Stem Cell Research: How does it affect you? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Embryonic stem cell research is widely controversial in the scientific world. Issues on the ethics of Embryonic Stem (ES) cell research have created pandemonium in our society. The different views on this subject are well researched and supportive. The facts presented have the capability to support or possibly change the public’s perspective. This case study is based on facts and concerns that much of the research done on embryonic stem cells is derived from human embryos. This case study will provide others with a more in depth view of both sides of this great debate. In biological terms, embryonic stem cells posses a†¦show more content†¦Researchers have stated that while the embryos have cells like living human beings, they themselves are not human. A belief as such, justifies embryonic stem cell research for those who perform or support it. The use of private funding has uncovered the existent of more than sixty genetically diverse stem cell lines. The use of federal funds for research on these existing sixty stem cell lines, where the life and death decision has already been made would allow us to explore the promise and potential of stem cell research without crossing a fundamental moral line by providing taxpayer funding that would sanction or encourage further destruction of human embryos that have at least the potential for life. Based on preliminary work that has been mainly funded privately, scientists believe further research using stem cells offers great promise that could improve the lives of those who suffer from many terrible diseases -- from juvenile diabetes to Alzheimers, from Parkinsons to spinal cord injuries. Adequate funding for embryonic stem cell research will allow scientist to discover more possibilities of what stem cells are capable of doing. These possibilities include drug testing and cell-bas ed therapies that cover a wide range of applications; differentiating into desired cell-types, generating sufficient quantities of tissue, and survival of the cells andShow MoreRelatedThe Remarkable World Of Stem Cells. Micheal Davis. Writing1695 Words   |  7 PagesThe Remarkable World of Stem Cells Micheal Davis Writing 301 Mrs. Sargent January 18, 2017 The Remarkable World of Stem Cells Stem cells have been a medical miracle since the dawn of the 20th century, and there next-to-limitless potential has exceeded modern biologists’ wildest dreams. One question to ask however, is what are stem cells, and how do they function to where is makes them such a great medical discovery? In a sort of simplified version to which will give more of a betterRead MoreStem Cells Essay1699 Words   |  7 Pagesseems like scientific research has provided us with a hope for these diseases. This essay will address the issue of controversial research in stem cells. This technology offers hope to millions who are victims of a multitude of diseases and disorders. It can be used to regrow limbs, create organs, attack genetic diseases, treat malfunctioning bladders, etc. However, this same technology is also one of the most controversial debates in science today. If you type â€Å"stem cells research† into your GoogleRead MoreThe Heated Debate Concerning Stem Cell Research Essa y878 Words   |  4 PagesStem Cell Research   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The topic of stem cell research does not affect me so much at the moment. It might in the future, but for now it does not. I do believe that stem cell research should be used for cloning organs that will be used for organ transplants. I do not however think that parents should place the doctors on pedestals just because these â€Å"mad scientists† supposedly have the power of God.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The topic of heated debate does intrigue me, but not to the point as to where I would makeRead MoreResearch On Stem Cell Research1842 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Scientists for medical research have used embryonic stem cells in the past. Scientists have had amazing success while using these stem cells in their research. However, embryonic stem cell research has become a very controversial topic. With this controversy, it has become very hard to receive permission to do research on embryonic stem cells. Although scientists are in the early stages of research, the outcomes look very promising, making me very hopeful that this controversy willRead MoreMorality of Amniotic Tissue Research Essay1021 Words   |  5 PagesMorality of Amniotic Tissue Research It seems that there is always new groundbreaking technology introduced into society. Our hope is to find some magical chemical that will cure all diseases or cancer. Imagine that a miracle substance was found but came, at what some may think is to high a price. Amniotic tissue is remarkable in its healing abilities, however, many think it is wrong to utilize the tissue since it is taken from aborted fetuses and embryos. Are the research processes of fetal tissueRead MoreStem Cancer Case Studies1698 Words   |  7 PagesInstead, they decided to use adult stem cells to try to open vessels towards the foot and increase the blood flow. She is now able to walk, jog, bicycle, and do countless other activities in her daily life that she wouldn’t have been able to do without this stem cell therapy. Another trial involved a 60-year-old man, who lived an active lifestyle. He had a degenerative joint disease, a 60% meniscus tear. They injected his knee twice over one year with stem cells and Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP). ToRead MoreViews of Society1257 Words   |  6 PagesEvery day we have to decipher the information provided to us. The manner in which a sociologist would do this can be done using 3 different theories: conflict theory, functional analysis, and symbolic interactionism. Lets us use embryonic stem cell research as an ethical dilemma to apply these three theories. Before applying our theories it will be helpful to explain the meaning of them. Conflict theorists impress that society is made up of a system of social structures that compete with eachRead MoreEscape from Spiderhead by Dr. Abnesti Essay1333 Words   |  6 Pageseliminate, but to make them under control. Experiment carried in the fiction story is about biological researches in the causation and modification of human emotions. Mentioned in the story that, master by Dr. Abnesti in the Spiderhead lab, the research group run a series of experiment on living human, in which they inject the models (those human) different medicines which according to the story line, these medicines function differently in affecting one’s mood and abilities. Darkenfloxx TM, amongRead MoreThe Debate Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research1907 Words   |  8 PagesApril, 2017 Embryonic Stem Cell Research Imagine living in a world without cancer, Parkinson s, or even diabetes. While everyone may wish this is true, people are against a way that researchers can make this possible, which would be by the use of stem cells. There is major controversy on whether or not stem cell research should be allowed, especially when it comes to embryonic stem cell research. Although many consider it to be killing a potential life form, embryonic stem cell research may eventuallyRead MoreThe Ethics And Procedures Of Embryonic Stem Cell Research1902 Words   |  8 Pagesconcerns raised by the new frontier of human embryo stem cell research. Even the most noble ends do not justify any means.† This quote comes from former president George W. Bush during a radio conference where he discussed his decision to allow federal funds to be used for stem cell research only in cases where the embryos were not harmed. While still in the beginning stage of exploration, stem cell research, and more specifically embryonic stem cell research, has become a topic of great debate. The ethics

The Effect Of Historical And Theoretical Factors On...

Jennifer J. Solorio Bradman University Fall 1 2016 The Influence of Historical and Theoretical Factors Domestic Violence CJCU 416 OL1 Every year in America, there are millions of women who are physically assaulted by their partners (Tjaden Thoennes, 2000). This number is staggering. For the purpose of this literature review, I am defining domestic violence as physical abuse. As domestic violence increases, the need for intervention ever so in demand. Tjaden Thoeness (2000), describe how the widespread occurrence of domestic violence is influenced by historical and theoretical factors and this is evident with domestic violence intervention. Both of these factors encourage options for treatment for the victims and abusers of domestic violence. Kaya Cook (2010), discusses how a well-known Nation started a major movement which targeted violence against women. Empowerment of women is a key source in violence intervention. Previously the traditional role of a woman was to known as a homemaker. Educated women were rare to find. As society is growing, women have received more political and social rights and feel more empowered. Women who have access to work and education gain a greater chance of escaping male violence (Kaya Cook, 2010). Factors are education, income, age, drug abuse or abuse history. Prevention tactics at this level are often considered to stimulate attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors that in the end reduce violence. Kaya Cook (2010) alsoShow MoreRelatedA Social Problem That Affects Women More Than Men2244 Words   |  9 PagesDomestic Violence A. Problem Statement The purpose of this paper is to investigate a social problem that affects women more than men. In this case, the paper seeks to investigate the case of intimate partner or domestic violence. It seeks to give an opinion on the issue today in terms of what should be a stand and level on the social problem. As such, the paper seeks to describe the problem; its causes from a theoretical standpoint and what should be done to address it. The paper is divided intoRead MoreThe Causes and Solutions to Ethnic Conflicts1733 Words   |  7 PagesThe Causes and Solutions to Ethnic Conflicts Scholars of International Security have been trying to develop a theoretical approach to explain the causes of ethnic conflict for a long time. These studies have led to contentious debates but have also probed so deeply that their findings help shed new light on these issues, providing better understanding and possible solutions. Ethnic groups are defined as a community of people who share cultural and linguistic characteristics including religionRead MoreFamily Violence Essay6096 Words   |  25 PagesFamily violence is not a new phenomenon, as it has essentially existed since the beginning of time. Only in modern times, however have societies begun to recognize violence and family members as a social problem (Barnett, Miller-Perrin Perrin, 2005). For many years, the social problem of family violence had not only been heavily ignored, but for a number of years, had not been fully understood. For example, family violence takes many forms and has a number of different name s. Family violence, alsoRead MoreThe Global Level Of Openness Essay1477 Words   |  6 Pagespeacefulness has steadily declined. The most recent Global Peace Index report, which incorporates measures of negative and positive peace, reveals three causes for this deterioration : terrorist activity, the number of domestic and interstate armed conflict, and the intensity of the violence measured by the number of ensuing deaths as well as the number of internally displaced people. Consequences of conflict necessarily impact the environment and poverty and hunger which have a direct correlation withRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society2241 Words   |  9 PagesDomestic violence, a highly prevalent, almost authorized, legally penalized, almost always hidden heinous crime, has been a matter of concern in many countries. More so in India, as every 2 in 5 women face domestic violence in India and about once every five minutes an incident of domestic violence is reported in India, under its legal definition of cruelty by husband or his relatives. Although it is gender neutral, domestic violence is usually perpetrated against women and hence it becomes essentialRead MorePost Invasion Of Iraq And The Elements Of Disaster1340 Words   |  6 Pagesto consolidate evidence to answer the aforementioned research question and utilize reconstruction as a methodological component to measure if it has ushered in securitization, political inclusion or economic empowerment. I will also employ the theoretical framework of neoliberalism to illustrate the policy-making and economic interests that were employed in the aftermath of the invasion. In the article by Benjamin Sovacool and Saul Halfon Reconstructing Iraq: Merging Discourses of Security andRead MoreEssay on Feminist Criminology3530 Words   |  15 Pagesinsidious myth that women invite rape (or other forms of victimisation such as domestic violence†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  Feminist criminology was born out the frustration to redress the balance, and challenge patriarchy. It was never its intention to exclude males but rather to insert the female perspective to demonstrate that crime manifest due to the inequalities that exist with in society. Feminist Criminology embodies an assortment of theoretical perspective all which each claim to in their unique way to explain femaleRead More Hooligans Essays4135 Words   |  17 PagesHooligans â€Å"Hundreds of English fans have been departed from Belgium after scenes of mass violence in Belgian cities and football authorities have threatened to expel the English team from the competition if there is another outbreak of the English Disease† This was an article dated 20 June 2000 written by an English journalist. It is obvious from this article that world is facing a great problem nowadays. Actually it would be wrong to use the term ‘nowadays’ because the ‘English Disease’ namelyRead MoreGender, Sex, and the Challenge of Feminism2690 Words   |  11 Pagesintimate, romantic connections with the opposite sex. For this reason, problems of gender equality are unique in struggles for social justice (other oppressed groups, whose calls for justice are no less pressing, do not contend with the complicating factor of systematic intimacy between members of the oppressed group and members of the dominant one). This makes the problems of feminism dauntingly complex, as well as fascinating and challenging. (Though, of course, many equate the predominance of a heterosexualRead MoreConflict Between The Political Factions Of Palestine3040 Words   |  13 Pageslead to the development of hot zones that are home to insurgent groups as well as other political movements. Global networks can grow in order to project groups? power and influence. Some groups choo se local targets against which to initiate their violence.[footnoteRef:4] Terrorism and other forms of low-integrity warfare (such as the bombings of public buildings and the recent stabbings conducted by West Bank Palestinians on Israelis) would continue to surge. This behavior then increases regression

An Autobiography Of My Cultural Identity - 1687 Words

I was born and raised in the Dominican Republic. My family was catholic and so I was taught to pray and by the age of 13 I had all my sacraments. For most of my life I lived the downtown area of the main city where my mother and her family had also grown up. I considered myself very lucky because even though our economic security was not the best as I grew up, my mother always strived for me to receive the best education she could afford. As a result, I learned to speak English from a very young age and then French, I learned to play the guitar and also to paint. I also took embroidery and etiquette classes and so on. Because of the location where we lived, I also took advantage of many cultural interactions with people from other†¦show more content†¦Then, I was born in 1989, her only child. Arguably, this story was an eye opener for me from an early age. I wondered, why wasn’t my uncle forced to stop his life and take care of his parents as well, after all they wer e both their children. Instead, my mother the female was the one who quit everything and took care of her parents. As a result I grew up thinking that gender roles were meant to favor men only, while women had to sacrifice their lives for others. Arguably, my mother is my role mother. As a single mother, she struggled to provide for me in unimaginable ways. Being a woman and a single mother in the Dominican Republic played an important factor on her decay in class and economic status. As a result, it created a sense of awareness for me, to understand that as women we have to work twice as hard than men to accomplish half of what they have. This statement was true not only in the Dominican Republic in the 90’s but also today in America. Looking back at my mother’s struggles I cannot say that I have overcome half as much as she did. However, I can see how being a woman has been a disadvantage and an advantage at times. A disadvantage because as women in my society, we tend to be victims of sexism and harassment. Yet, it may also be an advantage because the same society that subject’s women, at times favors these in the labor market. For instance, when my mother passed away I was 16 yearsShow MoreRelatedCult ural Autobiography : My Life Essay1556 Words   |  7 Pages CULTURAL AUTOBIOGRAPHY I was born in a small rural village in Western Nepal. A typical unprivileged society of Nepal, my then village was a consortium of poverty, illiteracy, and discrimination. I was a bit fortunate to have born in a middle-class family that could at least boast sufficient resources for subsistence and some savings. For people in my village, the most generous gift that god could bestow was the birthRead MoreSemiautobiographical Work- Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza by Gloria Anzaldà ºa1286 Words   |  6 Pagesthe following categories: semi-autobiography, memoir, poetry (confessional versus conceptual), myths, subjective journalism, Mexican sayings (dichos), critical ethnography, historical narrative, personal narrative, and auto historia. This is a semi-autobiography and a memoir because it is a story of Anzaldà ºa’s life written by her that focuses on the memories of her experiences and feelings, and combines all of this with historical facts. It has the concepts of identity, memory, experience, and spaceRead MoreThe Characteristics Of Australian Aboriginal Identity1691 Words   |  7 PagesIt is not easy to find what make people’s identity. The causes are sometimes visible and are sometimes invisible. People often say features of appearance can be identity such as skin colour, hair colour, eyes, and body frame. Other people, however, might say languages, lifestyles, beliefs, and families make identity. In the world, the differences of these things such as appearance and beliefs have been discriminated. Especially, Indigenous people often have been invaded their cultures and lands inRead MoreCaribbean Literature1477 Words   |  6 Pagescultures. Today the languages of the Caribbean are rooted in that of the colonial powers - France, Britain, Spain and Holland - whose historical encounters are quite evident throughout the region. The cosmopolitan nature of the regions language and cultural diversity develop from the mixture of European languages with Native American languages (mainly the Caribs and Arawaks) in the formation of creoles and local patois (hybrid languages) and those of Africans brought to the Caribbean as slaves, notRead MoreWhy I Chose This Picture1187 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica is commonly referred to as the veritable â€Å"melting pot.† Individuals from all walks of life come to the U.S. in the hopes of achieving the American Dream. What began as a land of indigenous people has matured into a haven for cultural diversity. For the most part, these differences have strengthened the country. Nowhere else on Earth can a citizen enjoy French cuisine, partake in Chinese New Year festivities, and listen to live performances of Jamaican reggae all in the same day, in the sameRead MoreThe Is My Heart And My Soul, America, My Mind And Spirit, By Leah Lee Essay1301 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to the article â€Å"The Korean Language in America†, â€Å"Cultural identity is formed by the complex configuration of one’s awareness of one’s own culture and a recognition of the social group to which one belongs in practice.† (117). Everyone has an identity that was created by culture. Everyone have a culture that they were born into, sometimes with a mix of two or three cultures. Each culture has different values and traditions that conflict a person’s decision in life. However, having differentRead MoreGender, Race, And Ethnicity And Power Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pagesin an negative aspect. In this socio-autobiography, I argue that the society is an nightmare as humans develop a whole range of complex sociological concepts. The following paragraphs will explain the struggle of my life experiences being influenced by using the concepts of gender, race and ethnicity and power. My journey began the moment I entered the world on May 25, 1996. I was born and raised in a small developed country called New Zealand. At birth, my biological sex was quickly determineRead MoreThe Negative Impact of Bilangual Education1216 Words   |  5 PagesEng 150 October 27, 2010 The Negative Impact of Bilingual Education It is true that, fitting in and adapting to two different linguistic and cultural world can have lasting impacts on individuals, hence, Richard Rodriguez, in his book â€Å"Achievement of Desire†, addresses his struggles as a young boy, trying to adapt to a bilingual education and how that education alienated him from his uneducated Mexican parents. Additionally in the excerpts â€Å"How to Tame a Wild Tongue,† Gloria AnzalduaRead MoreThe Biology Building At The University Of North Florida1408 Words   |  6 Pagescourtyard, my favorite place on the whole campus, I will conduct an autoethnography. In my autoethnography I will analyze what about the courtyard I love so much and what those things convey about my relationship with myself and others as well as my position within society. Autoethnographies combine elements of both autobiographies and ethnographies. Specifically, autoethnographies are academic essays that are introspective and narrative-oriented looks at the self, much like autobiographies and memoirsRead MoreThe narrator of The Autobiography of an Ex-colored Man was born to a â€Å"colored† mother and white1200 Words   |  5 PagesThe narrator of The Autobiography of an Ex-colored Man was born to a â€Å"colored† mother and white father. This combination of his identity led him to encounter many internal and external challenges. Physically he appeared white, so he experienced being able to â€Å"pass† as both â€Å"colored† or white whenever he wished. Being able do such a thing, the narrator struggled with racial boundaries. He embodied almost every permutation, intentional or unintentional, of the experience when encountering various racial

The Caretaker by Pinter A Play Can Be Confrontati Essay Example For Students

The Caretaker by Pinter: A Play Can Be Confrontati Essay onal, Challenging andDisturbing to the Values and Assumptions of An Audience. Discuss With closeReferenceThe Caretaker, written by the British playwright Harold Pinter in the late1950s and early 1960s disrupts the audiences perceptions of existence andtheir understandings of it. The play deconstructs perceived notions andconceptions of reality, and disturbs the audiences perception of their ownidentity and place within a world which is primarily concerned with the searchand need for identity. Pinter was clearly influenced by the fashionablephilosophic review of human condition that was prominent in the 1950s and1960s existentialism. The play attacks the notion that there are no absolutetruths or realities. Pinter is therefore concerned with what exists as unknownand intangible to humanity. His theatre interrogates the truth of nature andrealities of language and demonstrates that much of what the audience regards asfact is fiction as he explores the uncertainty of human existence. When an audience of the 1960s went to the theatre, it can generally be assumedthat they had preconceived ideas about what they expected and what they aregoing to gain from the theatrical experience. The traditional attitudes towardstheatre and the conventions of realist drama are disrupted by Pinter. Thisconfronts the assumptions and values of the audience, an experience which wouldbe disconcerting and frightening to many. Pinter divorces and exposes societys codes, institutions and human relations. Throughout the play the audience is rarely comfortable. This disruption isestablished from the outset of the play when Mick, a character who at this stageof the play the audience knows nothing about, sits on the bed and stares at theaudience in silence for 30 seconds. Traditionally in realist drama such asHenrik Ibsens Hedda Gabler characters use simple exposition through languageand non-verbal elements to let the audience in and enlighten them on what ishappening on the stage and the results and reasons for and behind actions. Pinter disrupts this tradition and this in itself would have been a disturbingphenomena to the conservative audiences of post-war Britain. Micks arrival onstage generates unease within the audience and the tension would only increaseas Pinter provides the audience with no explanation for him being there. Mickleaves the stage in a state of maintained silence, hence the first imagespresented in the play confront many of the assumptions of a traditionaltheatrical experience. Mick is alone in the room, sitting on the bed. He wears a leather jacket Heslowly looks about the room, looking at each object in turn. He looks up at theceiling, and stares at the bucket Silence for thirty seconds. Mick turns hishead. He stands, moves silently to the door, goes out, and closes the doorquietly. It is not until the Act two that this character becomes known to the audience asMick. This deferral of information is quite confrontational as it opposesaccepted and naturalised preconceptions of power and right. Micks position onthe bed and his costuming wearing a leather jacket places him in thetraditionally accepted position of power. However this idea is problematisedwhen Mick leaves the room and Aston enters with the key, thus demonstrating theillusory and ambiguous nature of power. Mick not re-entering until later in theplay confronts traditional notion that as he was introduced first, he is in aposition of power. The opening scene defamiliarises the Audience withtraditional notions of power and establishes a precedent for the remainder ofthe play. Pinter does not adhere to the accepted use of dramatic conventions. There is notraditional relation of character histories within the opening scenes and lackof revelation is maintained throughout the play as relatively little is exposedabout the characters backgrounds. This makes events within the room conditionalphenomena, which are dependent on the individuals involved and what the audienceis able to interpret. Reservoir Dogs EssayThe constant silences and pauses within characters conversation makes clear thesub-text of all human interaction. Pinter himself said that one way of lookingat speech is to say it is a constant stratagem to cover silence this view andthe presentation of this view within the play would be very disturbing to anaudience, as it disrupts the traditional notions that language, the basis of allhuman interaction is one-layered and can be defined, classified and understood. The speech patterns of characters within The Caretaker helps to present theexistential viewpoint of problems of identity and classification. Daviesfrequent rhetorical questions pose the key existential questions of theuncertainty of existence. The character of Mick does not subscribe to societysconventional codes. His verbal gymnastics and the punctuation of verbalinterrogation with polite social conversation decontextualises ordinaryconversation. After attacking Davies, Mick says;MICK: You sleep here last night?DAVIES: YesMICK: Sleep Well?DAVIES: Yes. MICK: Im awfully glad. Its awfully nice to meet you. Pinter uses language as a shield, to mask truths and present perceived realitiesand to evade or disclose revelation. Traditionally language was not used in suchways and the deviation from the traditional and conservative by Pinter createsthe need within the audience to reassess and reposition themselves in terms ofthe language that they use and the meanings it does or can possibly generate. Action is frequently deferred within the play, and at the end of The Caretakerthere is no resolution or revelation and instead the audience is left withlimited insight and knowledge. Instead existence has been problematised, leavingmany of the audience disturbed and unsure of their own identity and thestructure of society. This deferral of action is primarily indicated by Daviesand Aston. The prime example of this is in Davies constant references to hisplanned trip to Sidcup and in Astons references to the shed that he is planningto build. Through the representation of these possible future activities, itappears that it gives purpose to their current actions and to some extent areason for living. It allows these characters to suggest that they are in factworthwhile human beings with a purpose and a life. Pinter suggests throughthis deferral of actions that peoples lives hold no worthwhile meaning andultimately there is nothing gained at the point of death. The Caretaker is a subversive play that demythologises many of an audiencesassumptions and values. Pinter makes the audience experience paranoia andfeelings of menace and by disrupting conventions of social behaviour andignoring traditional dramatic realist protocol, Pinter confronts andchallenges the values and assumptions of an audience. He successfullydeconstructs notions of power and security, and problematises the conservativebelief that there are in fact absolute truths and realities. Category: English

Leonardo Da Vinci Drawings on Exhibition Essay Example For Students

Leonardo Da Vinci Drawings on Exhibition Essay In Gallery 25 the Venetian and Bolognese drawings have been replaced by otherdrawings from the Museum collection. The present exhibition is chosen from thechools of Parma, Milan, and Genoa, and one wall is given over to the school ofRaphael. Among these is the back of a nude man by Raphael himself, made durng his stay in Florence, one of the drawings given by Cephas G. Thompson in 1887.In the Genoese group the series of twelve brilliant drawings by Luca Cambiaso is worthy of comment, as are many others of the exhibit; but the chief interest will befound in the two sheets of drawings by Leonardo da Vinci which were purchased in917 and are now shown for the first time. In all probability these have alwaysbeen attributed to this master, but they were unknown to any of the prominent thorities and consequently do not occur in any of the lists. Since 18o01 theirhistory is traceable. On the folder in which they were kept up to the time ofheir mounting for exhibition is an inscrip- tion in F rench stating that they weregiven to J. Allen Smith by J. G. Legrand, May, 18o0. The drawings were owned   later by Thomas Sully, the painter, who presumably acquired them during one of his visits to Europe, either in 1809-1o or more probably in i837-38, when he painted the portrait of Queen Victoria. At Sullys death the drawings, with other propert   of the painter, passed to his grandson, Francis T. S. Darley, 1 who in his turn bequeathed the Leonardos to Thomas Nash, from whom the Museum acquired them. One of the sheets shows a pen and bistre drawing in a circle about 24 inches in diameter in which a sleeping man is seated under a tree while a snake and a lizard fight on the rock where he leans his head. It is an illustration for a bestiary, expound ing points of natural history or moral precepts, on which Leonardo was engaged the subject of many manuscript pages preserved in the library of the Institute of France. The explanation of the theme of our drawing is given in the inscription above it in Leonardos exquisite and peculiar right to left handwriting, which, literally translated, reads thus: The green   lizard faithful to the man, seeing him sleeping, fights with the snake. He sees that he can not conquer, runs over the face of the man and wakes him, so that the snake shall not harm the sleeping man. A companion work to ours, in the Bonnat Collection at Bayonne, is reproduced in Berensons Florentine Drawings, vol. 2, page 86. It is also a drawing in a circle of about the same size and is in a similar style. On the reverse of this sheet are some scratchy pen sketches for the setting of a masque or play, also notes and memoranda. There is an indication of a barrel-vaulted room with niches on the side walls, one marked with the word annunZiatori, announcers, and at the end a seated figure in a mandorla from which flames radiate. The signification of another sketch to the right is not apparent. Above are some figures and writing. The writing gives a list of characters in a play founded on the story of Danae, and the actors who were to take the parts. The whole inscription as far as it has been deciphered is as follows: Acrisio (Acrisius the father of Danae), Giovanni Cristofano; (the next name undeciphered, then) Danae, Francesco Romano; Mercury, Gianbattista -; Jove, Giovanni Francesco; Servant; Announcers of the Festival: those marvel at the new star and kneel down and these adore and kneel down and with music they finish the festival. .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504 , .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504 .postImageUrl , .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504 , .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504:hover , .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504:visited , .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504:active { border:0!important; } .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504:active , .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504 .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf3e120542f572d3e0b49db6437700504:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Leonardo Da Vinci as one of the greatest and most ingenious men that history has produced EssayThe other sheet, 72 inches by 6- inches, is much more important. On it are drawings in pen and bistre of the Madonna adoring the Child, conceived more or less in the spirit of the traditional Florentinetreatment of the subject inherited from Fra Filippo Lippi. But in the sketcheshe old theme is humanized and at the same time glorified. In the writersopinion, they mark the stage when the recognized rendering of the subject was being transformed in Leonardos mind into the epoch-making composition of the Virgin of the Rocks. The drawings are still far from the profound sentiment and full expression of thepainting. The group in the center approaches its general aspect more nearlyhan the others, but in it the theme is still the usual one-the invention of the Madonnas posture, the one hand on Saint Johns shoulder and the other in the grand sture of consecration over the Christ Child, has not yet occurred to him, thoughthe germ idea appears in the two outstretched arms. The divinity and revernce of the children are but half suggested in the drawing. In the arrangement ofthe Madonnas mantle pulled out over the right arm the drawing is like the picre; the definite indications of the folds suggest that the artist had arranged thedrapery on a maquette or mannikin. The lower sketch, where the same pose andolds are shown from another viewpoint, bears out this idea. This lower drawing,in a space with an arched top, shows only the tiny Christ Child lying on the ground, d there is a background-a corner of a ruined ro om with a view of mountains seenthrough an arch. The other two drawings show different poses of the kneeling Virgin;n each only the Christ Child is shown with her; one has a suggestion of a pent-roofedshed in silver point for background. There are also two studies of babies in silver point lightly reinforced by pen and bistre. Leonardo signed the contract in 1483 to paint the center picture of the altarpiecein the Church of San Francesco in Milan for the Confraternita della Concezionehis work was the Virgin of the Rocks. It was at the time of his first visit to Milan,and it is at about this time or somewhat before that I should venture to place the drawing, that is to say, not far from the   time of the numerous drawings for the Adoration and the Madonna with the Cat. The other sheet, the Allegory, would date as well from the first visit to Milan, I believe, if only from the masque memoranda on the reverse, as it is known that much of Leonardos time in the service of Lodovico was spent in arranging such affairs.

Flame Retardant Materials Designed free essay sample

Income flame-retardant paper material contains heavy-metal additives, such as bismuth to withstand high temperature and thus prevent flash fire. This paper had been manufactured for many years, with the remaining scraps or small cuts of the material being baled and stored because of resistance to fire and, therefore, the difficulty of proper disposal without harming the environment. Cheney Design and Development has developed a special x- ray inspection process to accurately measure the concentration of heavy metal components, by core sampling and analyzing the bales.This has resulted in recovery of nearly 2500 tones of material, with blending of the paper to specific grades, producing both financial and sustainability benefits. Not only does Cheney invest in designing and manufacturing efficient high- tech equipment; it likewise sees to it that the environment does not suffer from the disposal of the materials produced and disregarding the process of production. This is how it should be for all truly concerned industries. We will write a custom essay sample on Flame Retardant Materials Designed or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It also allows them to recover valuable recyclable materials, which redounds to uncial savings as well as prevents the unwise depletion of resources of our planet.Companies such as Cheney deserve to be appreciated and emulated for the example they set as being environmentally-conscious or concerned. High- tech does not need to be also high-impact with regards to the ecology of our planet. The goal is to keep products as low-impact as possible while trying to attain high-efficiency and producing high-value results for the consumers in general. There is where Cheney concentrates its research and development efforts and we can see how it is succeeding in the effort.

Pulp Fiction Moral Development of American Life and Interests

Pulp Fiction is one of the most famous works by Quentin Tarantino that was released in 1994 in order to introduce the audience the peculiarities of American life from various perspectives. This movie is a unique combination of such issues like humor, violence, love, devotion, fear, desire, respect, style, fashion, etc.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pulp Fiction: Moral Development of American Life and Interests specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In fact, it is difficult to evaluate Pulp Fiction from the one perspective only because its richness and power lie deep in the perfect combination of the properly chosen genre, auteur, ideologies, and numerous cinematic elements. One of the most noticeable and amazing features of Pulp Fiction is Tarantino’s decision to present a kind of collection of stories that represent different people’s lives which are connected by the issues like money, power, sex, and family. On the one hand, it is not always easy to comprehend director’s intentions: why it is important for so many people with different problems to make decisions and improve or at least save their lives. On the other hand, this movie is centered on the lives of two gangsters who have common affairs and duties, and their lives are hard to forecast but still easy to understand. Quentin Tarantino introduces his Pulp Fiction by means of several scenes which have a certain sequence: proper enlightenment, strong and certain camera movements and shots, focus on some details and complete ignorance of the others, and careful attention to monologues and dialogues provide the audience with a good chance to grasp the main idea offered by Tarantino and accept it the same way the director does it. Almost each American movie has its own message or a couple of messages, its audience, functions, and power. In case with Tarantino’s works, it is useless to admit that his movies may be interesting to one group of people and unclear to the others. Quentin Tarantino is one of those directors and screenwriters who cannot focus on one issue and devote the whole movie to it. He tries to add as many captivating details and lessons to his works in order to underline that it is wrong to accept this life as one-sided state of affairs. This life is a combination of mistakes, lessons, desires, and dreams which fulfill each day and each night of an ordinary American citizen. Such attitude to screenwriting and directing makes many critics pay much attention to Pulp Fiction and evaluate the movie’s main aspects and approaches. First, according to genre, Pulp Fiction is characterized as a neo-noir that displays ironic and reflexive sensibility that is challenging to comprehend at first. The movie under consideration has also numerous features to be recognized as a neo-realistic movie as it depicts social context with all its outcomes and challenges, authentic shooting th at helps to underline some important moments, and numerous violent progressive changes which attract people’s attention due to their suddenness or long-term expectation.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One of the possible examples may be observed in the scene when Vincent (John Travolta) and Jules (Samuel L. Jackson) come to Brett’s in order to punish the character who tries to transgress their boss. More than 5 minute, Jules communicates with the characters in order to clear up what happens and provide them with some time to live. It is clear that Jules and Vincent come here to kill but still it is not clear when they should kill these men. In my opinion, with the help of this scene, Tarantino wants to represent a kind of spiritual message, where Marsellus Wallace (Ving Rhames) performs the role of the devil whose soldiers come and takes someone’s lives beca use of numerous sins and disobedience. Talking about this movie and its strong and weak sides, it is necessary to remember the article written after the movie was released. â€Å"You don’t merely enter a theater to â€Å"Pulp Fiction†: you go down a rabbit hole† (Maslin para. 3). Quentin Tarantino’s Pulp Fiction has numerous hidden and evident messages in order to learn people, explain the challenges of this life, and evaluate the outcomes which may influence many lives at once. And the point is that he shares his ideas and messages in absolutely different ways playing with light, camera movement, and even words. For example, Tarantino explains that danger may expect you anywhere and anytime. This message is depicted in the scene when Butch (Bruce Willis) comes to his home and discovers Vincent in his bathroom. Vincent cannot even guess that when he leaves the bathroom, someone may shot him. Probably this Tarantino’s message is ironic and cruel but still it is always important to be careful when you are alone and defenseless. In fact, this scene has many captivating points to concentrate on. When Butch notices the gun on the table, he comprehends that there is another person who meddles in his life and his affairs. When he takes the gun, the camera movements play an important role at this moment. The camera moves slowly away from Butch and represents a long corridor that leads to the door. Now, the camera directs and slowly approaches to the door that is open by Vincent. Short shots, two men (one of them is armed with the gun and another with the book), a working toaster, and quick gunshots. The life is over; death comes suddenly without any warning. There are no sudden moves; the auteur does not hurry up to change the scene. There is no other way out, and people have to accept this reality though cruel and violent but still realistic and integral. The use of camera turns out to be a significant point in the movie, and Tarant ino tries to make use of its movements, angles, and distances as professional as possible.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pulp Fiction: Moral Development of American Life and Interests specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Such writers and directors like Tarantino get used to rely on numerous cinematic tools in order to advance their worlds. They try to use everything from sight and light to camera angles and sounds. Though there are a number of dialogues and monologues in the movie, much attention is paid to different tools in order to tell the audience about the plot and allow them participating in the story. Though it is impossible to observe a specific camera position and numerous angels while watching the movie, Tarantino admits that he implied more than 10 camera angels to create this movie. He slows down the reality to provide people with a chance to comprehend the moment and enjoy it; he makes use of editing and achieves the best results. The scene when Wallace says or even orders Butch to lose the fifth round in the fight may be taken as an example. During the talk, camera movements alternate to demonstrate that several people are involved into conversation. However, when the suggestion is announced, Tarantino does not move the camera but leaves it on Butch in order to allow the audience concentrating on his face and thinking about the thoughts and ideas in his head. It is very important to comprehend what runs Butch at this moment, and camera pause, as nothing else, helps to represent this task. Another powerful example of camera movements and editing may be observed on the scene at Brett’s. Camera shots seem to be a bit uncertain but still quick and logical. Tarantino knows what he wants to tell and what characters have to be observed. In this scene, the main role is performed by Jackson who not only discusses about the sins, mistakes, and possible redemption but also provide the audience with a chance to comprehend the true nature of their business, their boss, and actions which may lead to different outcomes. Even the positions of the actors (Jackson and Travolta) may be interpreted in many ways. One of them is that they encircle Brett as predators encircle the prey. Camera movements help to see that Brett is at the worst position even: he cannot observe these two people together at once; this is why he has to move and open himself to the stroke. In this scene, as well as in many other scenes of the movie, certain attention is also paid to the light. To realize the whole essence of this episode, it is necessary to combine camera effect and movement with the light chosen. Poor lighting of certain parts of the room and clear lighting of Jules’ face make the reader focus on certain details and emotions.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When Jules is talking, the light allows to observe how emotionally tensed this character is. Though he does not like Brett’s attitude to the situation and cannot forgive his mistakes, Jules does everything possible to remain polite and confident in his ideas and words. It is also possible to notice that the room where the characters communicate is bright, and people in it are deprived of a chance to be lightened completely. They are bad; they sin often; and they have to be punished one day. Another powerful example of how Tarantino uses light in the movie is the scene when Vincent opens the briefcase taken from Brett. This plot device cannot be even properly interpreted by the director. This briefcase contains the light. This light is brighter in comparison to everything else that may be found in the room. The point is that the viewer cannot even get a chance to discover what may be here. Numerous theories and suggestions were offered: from Wallace’s soul to Oscar†™s Statue. The chosen color certain tapers off the possible guesses, but still it is impossible to give a clear answer that is so perfectly hidden by Tarantino. To underline the significance of the sin and wrong actions which are conducted by people to get more money, power, or recognition, Tarantino also focuses on words and thoughts that may bother the characters. In the scene under discussion, one of the most excellent and educative speeches was introduced by Jules. The final words before he kills Brett are taken from Ezekiel 25:17: â€Å"The path of the righteous man is beset on all sides by the iniquities of the selfish and the tyranny of evil men. Blessed is he who in the name of charity and good will shepherds the weak through the valley of darkness, for he is truly his brother’s keeper and the finder of lost children. And I will strike down upon thee with great vengeance and furious anger those who attempt to poison and destroy my brothers. And you will know my nam e is the LORD when I lay my vengeance upon thee.† (Pulp Fiction) This religious side of the movie has to be appreciated because not each director will be able to unite such themes like murders, drugs, sex, and violence with the Bible and its rules. Though this movie is full of â€Å"F† words, it does not mean that it lacks of serious lessons and educative and spiritual stories. People are free to choose their style of life, their interests, and their duties. However, if the decision/choice is made, there is no other way out. People have to be responsible for their actions, and if they prefer to use rude language and slang to be more comprehensible to people, they are welcome to talk this way. Tarantino does not want to look too religious, too right, or too wrong. Monologues and dialogues help the audience to comprehend the plot and those aspects which cannot be evaluated by means of camera movements or light preferences. Manner of conversation proves that this movie is a neo-noir that may be wrongly interpreted at first but appreciated with time. Frequent use of rude and vulgar words, much attention to sex and sexual abuse, use of drugs, everyday violence, cheating, and nudity lead to the idea rate this movie as â€Å"R† so that only people at a certain age are able to watch it. However, one day or another each person would like to watch this movie, enjoy the chosen style, be amazed of the used techniques, and get one of the most significant lessons in this life. It is just necessary to keep in mind that all phrases and ideas have to be listened till the end and evaluated together with settings, camera movements, and lighting because only the proper combination of details promotes the desirable effect and influence of the audience. Quentin Tarantino introduces one of the most powerful and captivating movies about this life and its rules, people and their dreams, events and their outcomes. This professional director and writer makes a magnif icent attempt to create a captivating story and to strengthen it by means of numerous cinematic tools and approaches. His Pulp Fiction contains many interesting scenes and episodes where the main role is performed not only by actors but also by cameras. Without such a correct use of camera movements, this movie and its message will be hard to interpret and evaluate. This is why, to provide the audience with the necessary hint, Tarantino relies on light and shadow as well as one the play of Travolta, Willis, and Jackson. The episode when two gangsters come to Brett’s in order to take a revenge, teach, and explain the mistakes made may be used as one of the possible examples of how perfectly and clearly each cinematic issue is chosen. Movements of cameras demonstrate how anxious and scared some characters are; certain lighting of the room demonstrates that not everything as clear as it should be, and there are still many aspects that have to be highlighted. The peculiar feature of the chosen episode is not accidental because it can prove that only a well-coordinated work of each aspect, concrete phrases, and even mimics are able to reproduce the main idea of the story and show how the movie may influence people’s perception of the reality, this cruel but still integral reality. Works Cited Maslin, Janet. â€Å"Film Festival Review: Pulp Fiction; Quentin Tarantino’s Wild Ride on Life’s Dangerous Road.† The New York Times. Sept. 1994. 8 Apr. 2010. https://www.nytimes.com/1994/09/23/movies/film-festival-review-pulp-fiction-quentin-tarantino-s-wild-ride-life-s-dangerous.html Pulp Fiction. Dir. Quentin Tarantino. Perfs. John Travolta, Samuel L. Jackson, Bruce Willis, Uma Thurman. Miramax Films, 1994. This essay on Pulp Fiction: Moral Development of American Life and Interests was written and submitted by user Ronnie Solis to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.